Vanuatu has expressed openness to signing a broad agreement with Australia yet emphasizes the importance of maintaining its sovereignty. Internal Affairs Minister Andrew Napuat has articulated that Vanuatu will not succumb to pressure or “bullying” from more powerful nations. This sentiment follows Australia’s inability to finalize the $500 million Nakamal agreement in Port Vila last month, which Vanuatu of the concern that it might restrict funding opportunities from other countries.
In a significant development, Vanuatu aims to enhance its policing cooperation with China by planning to sign a memorandum of understanding (MoU) aimed at law enforcement, contrasting with the stalled discussions regarding the Nakamal pact. Napuat remarked that while the two negotiations are separate, both situations highlight the challenges Australia faces in countering China’s growing influence in the Pacific, particularly in light of the recent collapse of a defense treaty with Papua New Guinea.
Acknowledging Australia’s critical role as a regional partner, Napuat insisted that larger countries must respect the sovereignty and wishes of smaller nations like Vanuatu. He stressed the importance of forging agreements that truly reflect the needs and aspirations of their people, rather than repeating patterns of neocolonialism.
The Australian government has reiterated respect for Vanuatu’s sovereignty and has highlighted that their partnership is built on mutual respect and shared objectives. A spokesperson for the Australian Foreign Affairs Minister Penny Wong emphasized a collective responsibility for Pacific security amongst members of the Pacific Islands Forum.
Experts recognize that while Australia remains Vanuatu’s principal security partner, the likelihood of finalizing the Nakamal agreement may still be in doubt due to lack of broad political support in Vanuatu. Prof. Joanne Wallis from the University of Adelaide noted the hurdles Australia faces, especially given previous events such as the unratified security agreement from 2022.
Meanwhile, Vanuatu’s relationship with China has enhanced since 2014, especially regarding police training and resources, and an MoU with China would align with their ongoing partnership. This potentially marks a shift towards more formalized cooperation, ensuring transparency while navigating the needs of law enforcement in Vanuatu.
As international dynamics continue to evolve, particularly with China stepping up its activities in the Pacific, the future remains complex for Vanuatu as it seeks to maintain balanced relationships amid competitive geopolitical interests. The situation underscores a moment of reflection for both Vanuatu and Australia, as they navigate their partnership toward achieving mutual benefits focused on resilience, stability, and prosperity in the Pacific region.