Russia achieved its largest territorial gains in Ukraine last year since the onset of the full-scale invasion in 2022, according to an analysis by AFP. In 2025, the Russian military captured over 5,600 square kilometers (approximately 2,160 square miles) of Ukrainian territory, equating to about 0.94% of the entire country, as reported by the U.S.-based Institute for the Study of War.
This figure encompasses areas confirmed as under Russian control by both Ukraine and independent analysts, alongside territories claimed by Moscow itself. Notably, Russia’s territorial advances last year surpassed those recorded in 2023 and 2024 combined, yet they remain significantly lower than the over 60,000 square kilometers seized in the early months of 2022.
The most substantial monthly advance in 2025 occurred in November when Russian forces captured around 701 square kilometers. However, this pace faltered in December, with only 244 square kilometers taken, marking the smallest monthly gain since March of that year.
Throughout 2025, Ukraine experienced escalating pressure from persistent Russian artillery strikes and ground offensives, which contributed to a gradual loss of territory. Ukrainian forces found themselves challenged by shortages in manpower and ammunition, compounding the difficulties in their defense efforts.
As it stands, Russia occupies nearly one-fifth of Ukraine and has stated that a withdrawal of Ukrainian forces from the eastern Donbas region is a prerequisite for any peace negotiations. This ongoing conflict continues to shape the geopolitical landscape in Eastern Europe, with implications for the broader international community as talks of a resolution remain elusive.