A recent study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine highlights a notable shift in the prescription patterns of GLP-1 drugs, which have primarily been used to treat type 2 diabetes. The research indicates that the percentage of individuals without diabetes receiving these medications has increased, while new prescriptions for diabetic patients have decreased.
GLP-1 medications, known for their ability to regulate blood sugar and reduce appetite, were initially approved for type 2 diabetes management. However, following the FDA’s approval of Wegovy for weight loss in 2021, the focus on these drugs expanded into obesity treatment. This change has led to increased demand, causing manufacturers such as Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly to face challenges in meeting the supply needs for both diabetes and weight management patients.
The study, conducted by researchers from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and others, analyzed medical records of over 45 million Americans from 2011 to 2023. They found that the percentage of new GLP-1 users with diabetes decreased from nearly 90% in 2019 to more than 70% in 2023. Conversely, the share of new users without diabetes grew from 10% to 25%. Yee Hui Yeo, a co-first author of the study, expressed concern about the potential for medication shortages, particularly as more healthcare providers recognize the benefits these drugs can have for obesity treatment.
Despite the challenges, the rise in awareness and effective use of GLP-1 drugs in managing obesity represents a significant public health development. The appetite-suppressing effects of these medications have made them increasingly popular, with users reportedly losing up to 26% of their body weight. The impressive sales figures have propelled Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk to the forefront of the pharmaceutical industry, with projected global market growth for these drugs potentially reaching $105 billion by 2030.
While the changes in prescription trends suggest a growing acceptance of GLP-1 therapy for weight management, it is crucial to ensure continued access for those with diabetes. As more individuals recognize the role of these medications in improving health outcomes, there is optimism that the pharmaceutical companies will respond effectively to the rising demand, thereby balancing availability for all patients in need.