Japan has announced plans to deploy surface-to-air missiles on Yonaguni, its westernmost island situated near Taiwan, within the next five years, a decision likely to escalate tensions with China. Defense Minister Shinjiro Koizumi disclosed that the missile placement is expected to occur by March 2031, depending on the readiness of facilities.
This move comes in the wake of tense diplomatic exchanges between Japan and China, particularly following remarks from Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi concerning Taiwan’s security. In November, Takaichi stated that a Chinese attack on Taiwan could compel Japan to engage its Self-Defense Forces (SDF) if such an event posed a serious threat to Japan’s security. China’s response included a travel advisory against its citizens visiting Japan and restrictions on dual-use exports to Japanese firms.
The backdrop to these developments includes China’s longstanding stance on Taiwan, viewing the self-governing island as part of its territory and not ruling out the use of force for its annexation. Japan’s defense strategy has been evolving, with a focus shift from threats posed by Russia to addressing increased Chinese military activity in the East China Sea.
Yonaguni is located a mere 100 kilometers from Taiwan and is already home to an SDF facility. Local residents have expressed apprehension that their island may become a focal point in any military confrontation. After a vote in 2015 that favored hosting the SDF base, about 160 personnel are currently stationed on the island to monitor Chinese naval activities.
The Japanese government aims to alleviate concerns among the island’s 1,500 residents regarding the militarization of Yonaguni, which is known for its natural beauty, including its miniature horses and hammerhead sharks. Koizumi plans to address these concerns directly with the community in an upcoming meeting.
In parallel, Japan is also involved in a dispute with China over frequent incursions by Chinese vessels in waters surrounding the Senkaku islands, which Japan administers but China claims. This ongoing conflict highlights the broader tensions in the region, where military posturing from both nations continues to raise alarms globally.