A surge in infections from human metapneumovirus (HMPV) among children in China has been reported, as highlighted by Chinese state media. This viral infection, capable of causing both mild and severe respiratory illnesses, is now among the top four viral infections leading to hospital visits in the country.
Explained by Andrew Easton, a virology professor at the University of Warwick, HMPV is recognized as a significant health risk, particularly for vulnerable populations, a concern that has remained constant since the virus was discovered in 2001. Easton emphasized the need for thorough investigation into any changes in infection patterns to understand their causes.
HMPV, a member of the same viral family as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), affects thousands annually. In the U.S., approximately 20,000 children under five are hospitalized due to HMPV each year. Symptoms can range from mild cough and fever to more serious conditions like bronchitis and pneumonia, particularly threatening for young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
With the recent announcement from the head of China’s CDC, Kan Biao, noting an increase in HMPV cases among children under 14, concerns are heightened. However, it remains unclear whether this rise is a result of behavioral changes within the population or mutations in the virus.
Despite the increase, the overall prevalence of respiratory infections in China this winter is reportedly lower than in previous years. As of now, no vaccines or specific antiviral treatments exist for HMPV, and the approach to treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on alleviating symptoms.
To mitigate the risk of infection, preventive measures include regular handwashing, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and practicing good respiratory hygiene. These steps mirror those recommended for other respiratory viruses, such as influenza and COVID-19.
The situation is being closely monitored, both in China and internationally, and health authorities continue to gather data on infection patterns and potential outbreaks. This vigilance provides hope that timely interventions can be implemented to safeguard public health.