In the stunning tropical climate of Fiji, residents enjoy an abundance of sunshine year-round, but along with the warmth comes a significant health risk for the eyes. One prevalent concern among optometrists is pterygium, a growth on the surface of the eye that can compromise both comfort and vision.
A pterygium (pronounced te-ri-ji-um) appears as a fleshy, triangular growth on the white part of the eye (sclera) and can slowly extend onto the clear front surface (cornea). Typically, it develops on the side of the eye nearest the nose, though it may also occur on the outer side. While this non-cancerous growth often causes no symptoms in its early stages, it may lead to discomfort, redness, and even blurred vision if left unchecked. Commonly referred to as “surfer’s eye,” pterygium is primarily caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light—a frequent issue in outdoor-focused communities where activities like fishing, farming, and construction are prevalent.
Other factors that contribute to the development of pterygium include chronic irritation from elements like wind and dust, occupations that require extended outdoor exposure, genetic predispositions, and insufficient eye protection. Consequently, this condition is particularly common among Fijians living in rural and coastal areas.
The advancement of pterygium can lead to significant discomfort and potential vision impairment, making prevention a priority. Protective measures include wearing UV-blocking sunglasses, utilizing wide-brimmed hats, and maintaining hydration through artificial tears in dry environments. Encouraging children to adopt these protective habits can significantly decrease their risk over a lifetime.
If a pterygium grows large enough to disturb vision, treatments may vary from lubricating eye drops and anti-inflammatory medications to surgical removal for more serious cases. Modern surgical methods are generally effective and can stabilize vision restoration, after which post-operative care including UV protection is essential to prevent recurrence.
Regular eye examinations are crucial, especially for individuals frequently exposed to sunlight. Optometrists play an instrumental role in monitoring eye health and can recommend necessary treatments while also educating patients on the importance of protective measures.
Fiji’s beautiful sunshine and outdoor lifestyle offer numerous benefits, yet the potential threat to eye health underscores the importance of awareness and prevention strategies. By adopting straightforward protective habits and seeking professional care, Fijians can safeguard their vision and ensure a healthier future. Ultimately, promoting eye health today can lead to brighter horizons for generations to come.