In January 2012, Fiji’s Viti Levu island was struck by one of the most severe climate-related disasters in its history, as heavy rains triggered catastrophic flooding and a landslide that destroyed Tukuraki village, leading to significant loss of life. Now, more than a decade later, the country is reassessing its strategies regarding climate relocation with an emphasis on gender and social inclusion.
A recent report from Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) sheds light on the need for integrating gender considerations into relocation efforts. Nina Sikiti, part of the Relocation Unit at the Ministry of Rural and Maritime Development, criticized the initial relocation plan for Tukuraki, noting that the open-plan design of the new homes lacked separate kitchens and bedrooms—a design flaw with notable implications for women. In traditional iTaukei households, women primarily manage caregiving and food preparation, and this oversight forced them to set up outdoor kitchens and compromises their privacy.
The urgency of addressing climate change was expressed by Paulo Baleinakorodawa, executive director of Transcend Oceania. He emphasized that climate change is a current crisis, with rising sea levels and increased flooding resulting in the displacement of communities. Baleinakorodawa highlighted that the process of relocation involves more than just shifting inhabitants; it is also about preserving cultural identity and social ties, which are crucial for maintaining community cohesion.
Vani Catanasiga, executive director of the Fiji Council of Social Services, pointed out the challenges women encounter in these discussions. Although women are included, long-standing traditional practices often limit their decision-making power. Nevertheless, there are encouraging signs, as demonstrated by women in Cogea village, who have emerged as leaders during relocation discussions. They successfully secured international funding for climate-smart agriculture projects, illustrating the potential for women to spearhead effective adaptation strategies.
Fiji is evolving its approach to planned relocations, aiming to set a global standard by integrating these protocols into its legal framework through the Climate Change Act of 2021. Experts agree that prioritizing gender equality and maintaining human dignity will be crucial as communities increasingly face climate-induced displacement. This proactive stance aims to ensure that future relocation efforts address not only the physical aspects but also the social dynamics vital for community resilience, ultimately fostering a more inclusive and sustainable future.