Fiji is currently facing a pressing migration issue as around 12% of its population, estimated at approximately 114,000 individuals, has departed the nation since 2018. Deputy Prime Minister Professor Biman Prasad addressed Parliament, highlighting that many Fijians are leaving in search of enhanced job opportunities and educational prospects abroad. This trend has led to a challenging brain drain that deeply impacts families and communities. Furthermore, the exodus has intensified local labor shortages, primarily attributed to insufficient investment in workforce development and a misalignment between training initiatives and the demands of the industry.
In response to this complex scenario, the Fijian government is set to launch a new merit-based scholarship program designed to provide young people with the skills and opportunities to succeed domestically, thus reducing the motivation to seek employment overseas. This initiative underscores the government’s commitment to retaining local talent and addressing the concerning downturn in the workforce.
Professor Prasad also expressed worries about demographic shifts affecting Fiji’s population growth. He noted a significant decline in the total fertility rate, which has decreased from about four births per woman in the 1980s to roughly 2.3 births as of 2023, according to World Bank statistics. This decrease is influenced by various socio-economic factors, including ongoing migration and various health issues.
The healthcare sector, in particular, is feeling the effects of this brain drain, as raised by Opposition MP Alvick Maharaj. He pointed out the shortage of allied health workers, with educational institutions struggling to accommodate the necessary number of students. Many health facilities are currently understaffed and heavily reliant on nurse practitioners rather than fully qualified medical professionals.
In light of these challenges, Professor Prasad emphasized the importance of robust industry involvement in delivering relevant technical training to students. He noted that closing technical colleges has exacerbated skill gaps, making it difficult for Fiji to replace the skilled professionals it has lost to emigration.
Interestingly, recent data suggests that there might be a hopeful turnaround. The Reserve Bank of Fiji reported a 33.3% decline in resident departures, likely due to tighter immigration policies in Australia and New Zealand, which could facilitate some stabilization and recovery in the local labor market. Additionally, employers are responding proactively to the skilled labor shortage by increasing wages, showing a dedication to retaining their workforce.
In summary, although Fiji is contending with significant labor migration challenges and skill shortages, the government’s proactive initiatives, along with the potential for returning citizens, offer a hopeful outlook for rebuilding local capacities and fostering economic resilience in the future.