After an extended and contentious bidding process, Turkey has been confirmed as the host for the upcoming UN climate summit (COP31), bringing an unexpected twist to the original plan that included Australia and Pacific Island nations. Australia’s Climate Minister, Chris Bowen, is set to take on the significant role of COP President for negotiations, although further details surrounding the event remain pending.
This development adds complexity to a situation that was already intricate, with many viewing COP31 as an opportunity for Australia to bolster its climate action credibility while supporting Pacific islands facing dire climate threats. There was a strong desire for the summit to represent a genuine partnership with Pacific nations, rather than just being an Australian-led event with nominal Pacific involvement. The designation of Turkey as the official host raises questions about how Australia will maintain its commitment to the Pacific.
Despite these changes, there remains potential for Pacific leadership to shine on the global stage, emphasizing the need for regional collaboration. Whether or not a pre-COP meeting in a Pacific nation is enough to satisfy concerns about Pacific representation is yet to be determined.
Pacific countries have a long-standing record of championing ambitious climate initiatives, significantly influencing global discussions despite their minimal contribution to global emissions. Their advocacy was crucial to ensuring the 1.5°C temperature limit was included in the Paris Agreement, a goal that holds existential meaning for low-lying island nations. The recent advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice, which deemed the 1.5°C target legally binding, further demonstrates the urgency and importance of these efforts, underscoring the need for major emitters to commit to significant emission reductions.
Additionally, Pacific leaders have been at the forefront of advocating for ocean health in climate policy, recognizing its vital role in addressing global warming and sustaining coastal communities. The recent Blue Pacific Ocean of Peace Declaration exemplifies a commitment to integrating climate action with ocean and nature protection, approaching the issues with a holistic perspective.
As Australia assumes the presidency for COP31, there is a pressing need to ensure that its partnership with Pacific nations is honored, especially in light of expressed disappointment from countries like Papua New Guinea regarding the lack of a co-hosted event. While Australia will oversee negotiations, the broader agenda may largely reside with Turkey. Thus, Australia must ensure that the summit reflects the leadership and innovation characteristic of Pacific climate action, affirming its obligations in the fight for the crucial 1.5°C target.
This presidency role also opens avenues for Australia to prioritize Pacific perspectives—focusing on Indigenous knowledge, ocean stewardship, and the transition to a fossil-free future. Collaborative outcomes are vital, particularly in areas concerning ocean health and resilience for coastal communities. The pre-COP discussions must reflect this shared commitment to integrate these priorities into the COP31 agenda.
Ultimately, Australia’s climate credibility will hinge on its ability to genuinely listen, learn, and elevate the voices of Pacific nations which have consistently shown leadership in climate action. Even without hosting the summit in the region, it is essential that Australia reaffirms its partnership with the Pacific on climate initiatives, as both regions stand united in the urgent need to combat climate change and protect vulnerable communities.