Rising rates of diabetes in Fiji have prompted urgent public health initiatives as experts highlight the crucial connection between diet, lifestyle, and insulin resistance. The alarming trend points to high blood sugar levels that result from insufficient insulin function, leading to severe complications such as foot infections and heart disease.
Dr. Alipate Vakamocea, President of the Fiji Medical Association (FMA) and a lifestyle medicine specialist, emphasized during the VegFest Fiji 2025 program, organized in collaboration with the Alliance Française de Suva and FMA, that the core issue surrounding diabetes lies in elevated blood sugar due to insulin dysfunction rather than solely sugar consumption.
He explained the different types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces little or no insulin, while Type 2 diabetes arises from insulin resistance or inadequate insulin production. Gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, can significantly increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life. Dr. Vakamocea stressed the importance of managing insulin function, as insulin regulates the utilization of sugar, which serves as fuel for the body.
Dr. Vakamocea detailed the damaging effects of high glucose levels on small blood vessels, particularly in the extremities, eyes, kidneys, and heart, leading to severe complications, including foot infections, blindness, kidney failure, and heart disease. Additionally, diabetic neuropathy, which results from nerve damage linked to poor blood flow, can cause patients to lose pain sensation.
Such complications not only represent significant health challenges but are also major contributors to hospitalizations and increased long-term care needs in Fiji. In response, enhanced data collection and screening programs are being implemented to improve management of diabetes and related health issues across the nation.
The upcoming release of the WHO STEP survey is anticipated to provide updated statistics on diabetes, hypertension, and lifestyle factors in Fiji, ultimately helping to target more effective interventions. This survey will aim to identify undiagnosed cases and illuminate risk behaviors, such as excessive alcohol consumption and smoking.
Dr. Vakamocea noted that the government is actively expanding screening services to ensure early detection of diabetes among the population. Public awareness and education initiatives, including VegFest and community talks, are designed to promote healthier eating and physical activity, countering misleading narratives often perpetuated in the media.
These efforts represent a significant commitment to addressing the diabetes crisis in Fiji, giving hope that with increased awareness and proactive measures, the nation can combat the rising trends of this chronic disease.